From:
20 reasons why geoengineering may be a bad idea
BY Alan Robock
http://www.thebulletin.org/files/064002006_0.pdf
20 reasons why geoengineering may be a bad idea
BY Alan Robock
http://www.thebulletin.org/files/064002006_0.pdf
4. Effects on plants. Sunlight scatters as it passes
through stratospheric
aerosols,
reducing direct solar radiation and increasing diffuse radiation,
with
important biological consequences.
Some
studies, including one that measured this effect in trees following the
Mount
Pinatubo eruption, suggest that
diffuse
radiation allows plant canopies
to
photosynthesize more efficiently,
thus
increasing their capacity as a carbon sink.[9]
At the same time, inserting
aerosols or
reflective disks into the atmosphere would reduce
the total sunlight to reach Earth’s surface.
Scientists
need to
assess the impacts on crops and
natural
vegetation of reductions in total,
diffuse,
and direct solar radiation.
5. More acid deposition. If sulfate is
injected
regularly into the stratosphere,
no matter
where on Earth, acid deposition will increase
as the material passes through the
troposphere—the atmospheric layer
closest to
Earth’s surface.
In 1977,
Russian climatologist Mikhail
Budyko
calculated that the additional
acidity
caused by sulfate injections would
be
negligibly greater than levels that resulted from air pollution.[10]
But the
relevant quantity is the total amount of acid
that
reaches the ground, including both
wet (acid
rain, snow, and fog) and dry deposition (acidic gases and particles).
Any additional
acid deposition would harm
the
ecosystem, and it will be important to
understand
the consequences of exceeding different biological thresholds.
Furthermore,
more acidic particles in the troposphere would affect public health.
The effect
may not be large compared to the
impact of
pollution in urban areas, but in
pristine
areas it could be significant.
References:
[9]. L. Gu
et al., “Responses of Net Ecosystem Exchanges of Carbon Dioxide to Changes in
Cloudiness: Results from Two North American Deciduous Forests,” Journal of
Geophysical Research, vol. 104, no. 31, pp. 421–31, 434 (1999); L. Gu et al
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/1999JD901068/abstract
“Advantages of Diffuse Radiation for Terrestrial Ecosystem Productivity,”
Journal of
Geophysical Research, vol. 107, (2002); L. Gu et al., “Response
of a
Deciduous Forest to the Mount Pinatubo
Eruption:
Enhanced Photosynthesis,” Science, vol.
299, pp. 2,035–38 (2003).
[10].
Budyko, Climatic Changes
More links:
Re:
Sunlight
Shedding
Light on Gardening Success
Kerry
VerMeulen
“All plants
have specific light requirements – from full sun to full shade. Failing to meet
their specific needs can cause various problems, including scorched leaves,
leggy growth, bloom failure or even plant death.”
Do volcanic
eruptions enhance or diminish net primary production?
Evidence
from tree rings
Nir Y.
Krakauer and James T. Randerson1
Division of
Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, California, December 2003
Control of
atmospheric particles on diffuse radiation and terrestrial plant productivity
Kasturi
Devi Kanniah
http://ppg.sagepub.com/content/36/2/209
Re: Acid
rain
EPA Can't
Stop the (Acid) Rain
EPA Faces
Challenges in Addressing Damage Caused by Airborne Pollutants
GAO-13-39,
Jan 24, 2013
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-39
Elucidation
of endemic neurodegenerative diseases--a commentary.
Nishida Y. Chemical
Institute for Neurodegeneration (CIN), Faculty of Science, Yamagata University
“It seems
reasonable to consider that the essential origin for the transmissible
spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) should be the incorporation and accumulation
of Al(III) and Mn(II) ions in the cells, and the sudden and explosive increase
of scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the last decade may be
partially due to "acid rain", because the acid rain makes Al(III) and
Mn(II) ions soluble in the subterranean aquifers.”
You are invited to visit my weekly:
#Geoengineering #Climate Issues
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Los invito a que lean también mi semanario en español:
GEOINGENIERIA DEL CLIMA - Temas sobre la Geoingeniería Climática - Modificación del Clima
http://paper.li/oscare2000/1360165668
Y en inglés con algunos articulos en español: #Geoengineering #Climate Issues
http://paper.li/oscare2000/1347466963
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